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Préhistoire béringienne - University of Ottawa Press
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Préhistoire béringienne

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Préhistoire béringienne

Étude archéologique des Grottes du Poisson-Bleu (Yukon)

By Lauriane Bourgeon

448 Pages · 9.61x6.69 · December 5 2018

Paper ISBN: 9782760327351

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Description

Quand l’Amérique a-t-elle été peuplée ? Quels chemins les premiers Américains ont-ils empruntés ? Comment se sont-ils adaptés aux conditions climatiques et environnementales des territoires arctiques ? Sont-ils responsables de l’extinction de la mégafaune survenue il y a près de 14 000 ans ? 

Le présent ouvrage tente de répondre à ces questions à l’aide d’une étude archéozoologique et taphonomique de la faune du site des Grottes du Poisson-Bleu, situé dans le Territoire du Yukon, au Canada. Un peu plus de 36 000 ossements d’animaux ont été minutieusement analysés au microscope dans le but d’identifier des traces d’activités culturelles. Six d’entre eux portant des stries de boucherie faites par des outils en pierre ont été soumises à des méthodes de datation radiocarbone. 

Les résultats ont permis de conclure que les humains occupèrent les Grottes du Poisson-Bleu il y a 24 000 ans, soit en pleine période glaciaire, reculant ainsi considérablement leur date d’entrée en Amérique, jusqu’alors estimée autour de 15 000 ans avant le présent. 

Soutenue par des analyses génétiques, cette étude archéologique donne à penser que ce n’est qu’après le retrait progressif des masses glaciaires nord-américaines, il y a environ 15 000 ans, que les populations humaines cantonnées dans l’extrême nord se dispersent sur le reste du continent.

Ce livre est publié en français.

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When did the first settlers arrive in North America? What routes did the first Americans use to get here? How did they adapt to climate and environmental conditions in the Arctic territories? Are they responsible for the megafauna extinction close to 14,000 years ago? 

Lauriane Bourgeon attempts to answer these questions based on a zooarchaeological survey and taphonomic analysis of the Bluefish Caves site located in Canada’s Yukon Territory. A little over 36,000 animal bone samples were painstakingly examined under a microscope to identify traces of cultural activity. Six of the samples bore evidence of butchery marks produced by stone tools and were sent for radiocarbon dating. 

Results indicate human occupation at Bluefish Caves 24,000 years before present, in the middle of the ice age. This considerably pushes back the timing of humans’ first entry into North America, previously thought to be around 15,000 years ago. Supported by genetic data, the archaeological survey suggests it was only after North America’s ice masses gradually receded some 15,000 years ago that an isolated human population left the Far North to disperse across the continent.

This book is published in French.

Author Bio

Laurianne Bourgeon obtained a doctorate in anthropology from the University of Montreal (QC, Canada). A specialist in zooarcheology, her research focuses primarily on the Northern Territories and the early settlements in America.

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Books by this Author

Préhistoire béringienne

Lauriane Bourgeon

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54.95 $ CA
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